|
Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells: Current trends and future perspectives
Diego Rossetti M.D. 1, Silvia Di Angelo Antonio2, David Lukanović3, Tina Kunic3, Camilla Certelli4, Carmine Vascone5, Zaki Sleiman6
1 Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Desenzano del Garda Hospital, Section of Gavardo, Gavardo, Brescia, Italy
2 Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Section of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
4 Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
5 Pineta Grande Hospital, Castel Volturno, Caserta, Italy
6 Surgical Research Laboratory, Medical School, Saint Joseph University, Damas Street; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
Correspondence Address:
Diego Rossetti
Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Desenzano del Garda Hospital, Section of Gavardo, Gavardo, Brescia
Italy
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | 4 |
DOI: 10.4103/2305-0500.259166
|
|
Among resources of mesenchymal stem cells, human umbilical cord appears to be a rising source capable of differentiating into all germ layers, reaching and repairing lesion areas, and promoting wound repair, and it has also the capacity to influence the immune response. Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells are considered to be an optimal resource compared with other mesenchymal stem cells sources because they require a noninvasive recovery. All these characteristics allow their use in heterogeneous applications. Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells can regenerate tissues, stimulate angiogenesis, modulate inflammatory pathway signals and recruit endogenous stem cell. Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells suppress mitogen-induced signals and modulate the activation and proliferation of several immune cells, modifying lymphocyte phenotypes activity. In culture, human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cellss show the capacity to create several tissues such as bone, cartilage, and fat. Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells can be isolated from the different compartments of umbilical cord and processed by using different techniques. Clinical applications of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells include graft-versus-host disease, autoimmune diseases such as Sjögren's syndrome and diabetes mellitus types 1 and 2, gynecological disorders like endometriosis. Recent studies have shown possible application on rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and neuronal degenerative diseases. This review is focused on the resources, molecular profiles, propriety, in vitro characterizations, clinical applications and possible future usage of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
|
